Why Does it Hurt? |
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Home What are Migraine Headaches? Why Does it Hurt? How is Migraine Headache Treated? When Should You See a Physician? |
What hurts when you have a headache? The bones of the skull and
tissues of the brain itself never hurt, because they lack
pain-sensitive nerve fibers. Several areas of the head can hurt,
including a network of nerves which extends over the scalp and
certain nerves in the face, mouth, and throat. Also sensitive to
pain, because they contain delicate nerve fibers, are the muscles of
the head and blood vessels found along the surface and at the base
of the brain. The ends of these pain-sensitive nerves, called nociceptors, can be stimulated by stress, muscular tension, dilated blood vessels, and other triggers of headache. Once stimulated, a nociceptor sends a message up the length of the nerve fiber to the nerve cells in the brain, signaling that a part of the body hurts. The message is determined by the location of the nociceptor. A person who suddenly realizes "My toe hurts," is responding to nociceptors in the foot that have been stimulated by the stubbing of a toe. A number of chemicals help transmit pain-related information to the brain. Some of these chemicals are natural painkilling proteins called endorphins, Greek for "the morphine within." One theory suggests that people who suffer from severe headache and other types of chronic pain have lower levels of endorphins than people who are generally pain free.
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